Electromagnetic Side-Channel Basics

A chip radiates information as it computes. Here is how electromagnetic side-channel analysis works and why it can be easier than power analysis.

Timing Attacks on Embedded Comparisons

A comparison that returns early leaks how much of a secret you got right. Here is how timing attacks work and why constant-time code matters.

Designing Firmware That Survives a Glitch

You cannot stop a glitch, but you can make one insufficient. Here are the firmware patterns that survive fault injection.

Detecting Fault Injection at Runtime

Beyond surviving a glitch, a device can notice it is being attacked. Here is how runtime fault detection works and what to do when it triggers.

Clock Glitching to Skip a Security Check

Clock glitching corrupts an instruction by feeding the chip a malformed clock edge. Here is how it differs from voltage glitching and what it breaks.